What is the composition of cast iron?
Cast iron, an alloy of iron that contains 2 to 4 percent carbon, along with varying amounts of silicon and manganese and traces of impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus. It is made by reducing iron ore in a blast furnace.
What is the difference between gray iron and cast iron?
Like gray cast iron, white cast iron features many small fractures. The difference is that white cast iron features cementite below its surface, whereas gray cast iron features graphite below its surface. The graphite creates the appearance of a gray color, while the cementite creates the appearance of a white color.
What are the properties of GREY cast iron?
An Introduction to Grey Iron
| Property | Minimum Value (S.I.) | Maximum Value (S.I.) |
|---|---|---|
| Poisson’s Ratio | 0.255 | 0.265 |
| Shear Modulus | 31 | 60 |
| Tensile Strength | 100 | 450 |
| Young’s Modulus | 80 | 150 |
What are types of cast iron and their characteristics composition and application?
Cast iron
- Gray iron. Gray iron is characterized by the flake shape of the graphite molecules in the metal.
- White iron.
- Malleable iron.
- Ductile iron (Nodular iron)
- Compacted graphite iron.
- Summary of cast iron compositions.
What is cast iron and its properties?
Cast iron is a brittle and less ductile material with high corrosive strength. Due to its high compressive strength, it is used to make the base or body of most machines. Cast iron also has a low melting point of about 1200 degrees centigrade which makes it suitable for casting.
Why is cast iron GREY?
Grey cast iron (a.k.a. gray iron castings) is a type of iron found in castings known for its grey color and appearance caused by graphite fractures in the material. In a grey iron casting, you can see little black flakes of graphite. These flakes cause fractures and cause the material to have a grey appearance.
What is reason of low toughness of GREY cast iron?
Explanation: Grey cast iron has very poor toughness. Its major reason is notch like an effect of graphite flakes. These flakes increase stress concentration in it lowering toughness.
What is cast iron and its classification?
Cast iron is an iron alloy containing 2 wt. Depending on the silicon content of the cast iron, it is classified as either white cast iron or grey cast iron and may be treated further under particular temperatures to produce malleable or ductile cast iron.
What is the composition of grey cast iron?
Grey Cast Iron Composition and Property Grey Cast Iron (Gray iron) is so called because of the colour of the fracture face. It contains 1.5-4.3% carbon and 0.3-5% silicon plus manganese, sulphur and phosphorus. It is brittle with low tensile strength, but is easy to cast.
What makes up the microstructure of a cast iron?
The spheroidal graphite (SG) iron in its as cast microstructure contains varying proportions of ferrite and pearlite in the matrix with distributed graphite nodules. These nodules do not influence the properties of the iron as flakes do.
Why is gray cast iron more difficult to machine?
Thus while the machinability of standard gray cast iron is relatively high, newer alloyed gray irons with higher strength and increased thermal resistance are increasingly more difficult to machine.
What’s the difference between ductile and grey cast iron?
The studied part is made with either grey cast iron or ductile cast iron. Grey cast iron is a ferrous alloy which has been heated until it liquefies and is then poured into a mould to solidify. Grey cast iron, or grey iron, has graphitic flakes which deflect a passing crack and initiate countless new cracks as the material breaks.
What is gray cast iron used for?
Uses Of Grey Cast Iron: Class 300 Grey Iron: Can be used in producing heavy-duty machine tools, bed, presses, high pressure hydraulic parts, frame, gears, bushings, piston rings, cams, crankshaft , cylinder block, cylinder head, etc.
What are the properties of cast iron?
General properties of cast iron. Cast iron is very brittle and weak in tension and therefore it cannot be used for making bolts and machine parts which are liable to tension. Since the cast iron is a brittle material and therefore, it cannot be used in those parts of machines which are subjected to shocks.
What are the properties of ductile iron?
Ductile iron properties. Ductile iron owes its remarkable mechanical properties to the spheroidal shape of its graphite: tensile strength, impact resistance, high elastic limit, good elongation.
Is iron gray?
Gray iron, or grey cast iron, is a type of cast iron that has a graphitic microstructure. It is named after the gray color of the fracture it forms, which is due to the presence of graphite . It is the most common cast iron and the most widely used cast material based on weight.
